Kata Pengantar .................................................................................................................... iii
Daftar Isi ................................................................................................................................. iv
KERAJINAN
Peta Materi ........................................................................................ 2
Bab I Kerajinan Bahan Lunak .................................................................................. 3
A. Prinsip Kerajinan Bahan Lunak ............................................................ 7
B. Jenis dan Karakteristik Kerajinan Bahan Lunak ............................ 12
1. Bahan Lunak Alam .............................................................................. 12
2. Bahan Lunak Buatan .......................................................................... 12
C. Proses Produksi Kerajinan Bahan Lunak .......................................... 16
1. Kerajinan Bahan Lunak Alam ......................................................... 18
a. Kerajinan Keramik ......................................................................... 18
b. Kerajinan Kulit ................................................................................ 25
c. Kerajinan Adonan Tepung (Flour Clay) ................................. 29
d. Kerajinan Getah Nyatu ............................................................... 32
2. Kerajinan Bahan Lunak Buatan ..................................................... 37
a. Kerajinan Lilin ................................................................................. 37
b. Kerajinan Fiberglass ...................................................................... 41
c. Kerajinan Gips ................................................................................ 44
d. Kerajinan Sabun ............................................................................ 46
d. Kerajinan Polymer Clay ................................................................ 49
D. Kemasan Produk Kerajinan Bahan Lunak ........................................ 52
E. Contoh Proyek Kerajinan Bahan Lunak ............................................ 53
F. Refleksi ........................................................................................................... 57
G. Rangkuman .................................................................................................. 58
REKAYASA
Peta Materi II ........................................................................................ 60
Bab II Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) ........................................... 61
A. Sejarah Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi ............................... 61
B. Media Penghantar Komunikasi ............................................................ 64
1. Media Komunikasi Masa Kuno ...................................................... 64
2. Media Komunikasi Modern ............................................................. 68
Kelas VIII SMP/MTs Semester I
C. Peralatan dan Bahan Untuk Pembuatan Peralatan Teknologi
Informasi dan Komunikasi ..................................................................... 72
D. Perancangan dan Pembuatan Peralatan Teknologi Informasi
dan Komunikasi ......................................................................................... 74
E. Refleksi ........................................................................................................... 82
F. Rangkuman .................................................................................................. 82
BUDI DAYA
Peta Materi III ........................................................................................ 84
Bab III Budidaya Ternak Kesayangan ..................................................................... 85
A. Jenis-jenis Ternak Kesayangan ............................................................. 87
1. Kelinci Hias ............................................................................................ 87
2. Hamster ................................................................................................... 88
3. Burung Merpati .................................................................................... 89
4. Burung Kicauan ................................................................................... 89
B. Sarana dan Teknik Budidaya Ternak Kesayangan ........................ 91
1. Bahan-bahan ......................................................................................... 91
2. Peralatan ................................................................................................. 93
C. Tahapan Budidaya Ternak Kesayangan ............................................ 93
1. Pemeliharaan Kandang ..................................................................... 94
2. Pemilihan Bibit ..................................................................................... 94
3. Pemberian Pakan ................................................................................ 94
4. Pencegahan Hama dan Penyakit .................................................. 95
D. Contoh Budidaya Ternak Kesayangan .............................................. 97
E. Refleksi ........................................................................................................... 107
F. Rangkuman .................................................................................................. 108
PENGOLAHAN
Peta Materi IV ........................................................................................ 110
Bab IV Pengolahan Bahan Pangan Serealia, Kacang-kacangan dan Umbi
menjadi Makanan atau Minuman ........................................................... 111
A. Pengertian .................................................................................................... 112
B. Jenis dan Manfaat ..................................................................................... 115
1. Jenis-jenis Serealia dan Manfaatnya ........................................... 117
2. Jenis-jenis Kacang-Kacangan dan Manfaatnya ....................... 120
3. Jenis-jenis Umbi dan Manfaatnya ................................................ 123
C. Teknik Pengolahan .................................................................................. 130
1. Teknik Pengolahan Makanan Panas Basah (Moist Heat) ..... 130
2. Teknik Pengolahan Makanan Panas Kering (Dry Heat
Cooking) .................................................................................................. 132
D. Tahapan dan Contoh Pembuatan/Pengolahan ............................. 135
1. Pengolahan Serealia ........................................................................... 137
2. Pengolahan Kacang-kacangan ...................................................... 140
3. Pengolahan Umbi ............................................................................... 141
E. Penyajian dan Pengemasan .................................................................. 152
F. Refleksi ........................................................................................................... 157
G. Rangkuman .................................................................................................. 158
Peta Materi V ........................................................................................ 159
Bab V Pengolahan Bahan Pangan Serealia, Kacang-Kacangan dan Umbi
menjadi Produk Pangan Setengah Jadi ............................................... 160
A. Pengertian .................................................................................................... 162
B. Jenis dan Karakteristik ............................................................................. 163
1. Jenis Olahan Pangan Setengah Jadi dari Bahan Serealia .. 164
2. Jenis Olahan Pangan Setengah Jadi dari Bahan Kacang
kacangan ............................................................................................... 170
3. Jenis Olahan Pangan Setengah Jadi dari Bahan Umbi ....... 171
C. Teknik Pengolahan .................................................................................. 177
1. Pengawetan Secara Fisik .................................................................. 179
2. Pengawetan Secara Biologis ........................................................... 185
3. Pengawetan Secara Kimiawi ........................................................... 187
D. Tahapan Pengolahan dan Contohnya ............................................. 194
1. Proses Pengolahan Pangan Setengah Jadi Kerupuk ............ 195
2. Proses Pengolahan Pangan Setengah Jadi Jagung Pipil dan
Beras Tiwul Instan ............................................................................... 202
3. Proses Pengolahan Pangan Setengah Jadi Tepung Pati Ubi Jalar .......... 208
E. Penyajian dan Pengemasan .................................................................. 213
F. Refleksi ........................................................................................................... 216
G. Rangkuman .................................................................................................. 217
Glosarium .............................................. 218
Daftar Pustaka ................................................................................... 221
Profil Penulis .....................................................................................................
Profil Penelaah ................................................................................................ 232
Profil Editor ................................................................................................ 241
DAFTAR ISI
BAB 3
Kata Pengantar .................................................................................................................... iii
Daftar Isi ................................................................................................................................. iv
KERAJINAN
Peta Materi I ........................................................................................ 2
BAB I Kerajinan Bahan Limbah Keras .................................................................. 3
A. Prinsip Kerajinan Bahan Limbah Keras ....................................................................... 7
B. Jenis dan Karakteristik Kerajinan Bahan Limbah Keras .................................. 10
1. Limbah Keras Organik ..................................................................................................... 10
2. Limbah Keras Anoraganik .......................................................................................... 11
C. Pengolahan Bahan Limbah Keras ................................................................................. 12
D. Proses Produksi Kerajinan Bahan Limbah Keras ................................................ 13
1. Kerajinan Bahan Limbah Keras Organik ............................................................ 15
a. Kerajinan Cangkang Kerang .......................................................................... 15
b. Kerajinan Sisik Ikan ................................................................................................ 19
c. Kerajinan Tulang Ikan .......................................................................................... 23
d. Kerajinan Tempurung Kelapa ....................................................................... 26
2. Kerajinan Bahan Limbah Keras Anorganik ...................................................... 31
a. Kerajinan Botol Plastik ........................................................................................ 33
b. Kerajinan Pecahan Keramik ............................................................................ 36
c. Kerajinan Kaca ............................................................................................................ 39
E. Contoh Proyek Kerajinan Bahan Limbah Keras .................................................. 43
1. Perencanaan ...................................................................................................... 43
2. Pelaksanaan ............................................................................................................. 44
3. Evaluasi ........................................................................................................................ 46
F. Refleksi ............................................................................................................ 47
G. Rangkuman ................................................................................................. 48
REKAYASA
Peta Materi II ........................................................................................ 50
BAB II Alat Penjernih Air ............................................................................................ 51
A. Sistem Penyaringan Air dari Bahan Alami ......................................................... 53
1. Sistem Penyaringan Air dari Bahan Alami .............................................. 53
2. Bahan dan Alat Penjernih Air dengan Bahan Alami ....................... 58
3. Teknik dan Prosedur Pembuatan Alat Penjernih Air dengan
Bahan Alam ......................................................................................................................... 58
4. Tahapan Pembuatan Penjernih Air dari Bahan Alami ................... 61
a. Perencanaan ................................................................................................................. 61
b. Proses Pembuatan .................................................................................................. 63
B. Penjernih Air dari Bahan Buatan .................................................................................. 67
1. Penjernih Air dari Bahan Buatan ..................................................................... 67
2. Bahan dan Alat Penjernih Air dengan Bahan Buatan .................... 67
3. Teknik dan Prosedur Pembuatan Alat Penjernih Air dengan
Bahan Buatan .................................................................................................................... 68
4. Tahapan Pembuatan Penjernih Air dari Bahan Buatan .............. 70
a. Perencanaan ................................................................................................................. 70
b. Proses Pembuatan .................................................................................................. 70
C. Refleksi ................................................................................................................. 73
D. Rangkuman ................................................................................... 74
BUDI DAYA
Peta Materi III ........................................................................................ 76
BAB III Budi Daya Satwa Harapan .................................................................................... 77
A. Jenis-Jenis Satwa Harapan ....................................................................................... 79
1. Cacing Tanah ............................................................................................. 79
2. Jangkrik .............................................................................................................. 80
3. Lebah Madu ......................................................................................................... 81
4. Ulat Sutera ........................................................................................... 82
B. Sarana dan Peralatan Budi Daya Satwa Harapan .......................................... 83
1. Sarana Produksi Budi Daya Satwa Harapan ........................................ 83
2. Teknik Budidaya Satwa Harapan ................................................................... 86
Prakarya
C. Tahapan Budi Daya Satwa Harapan .......................................................................... 89
D. Pemeliharaan ........................................................................................................ 93
E. Refleksi ................................................................................................................ 97
F. Rangkuman ............................................................................................... 98
PENGOLAHAN
Peta Materi IV ........................................................................................ 100
BAB IV Pengolahan Bahan Setengah Jadi dari Serealia Kacang-Kacangan
dan Umbi Menjadi Makanan Khas Wilayah Setempat .......................... 101
A. Pengertian .............................................................................................................. 102
B. Jenis ..................................................................................................................... 104
C. Teknik Pengolahan ................................................................................................... 109
D. Tahapan Pengolahan dan Contohnya .................................................................... 115
1. Mie Aceh .................................................................................................................. 117
2. Onde-Onde Ubi Bugis ............................................................................................... 124
E. Penyajian dan Pengemasan .................................................................................... 128
F. Refleksi .................................................................................................................... 121
G. Rangkuman ............................................................................................................ 121
Peta Materi V ........................................................................................ 133
BAB V Pengolahan Hasil Samping Serealia, Kacang-Kacangan dan Umbi
menjadi Produk Pangan .................................................................................................. 134
A. Pengertian ................................................................................................................. 135
B. Jenis, Kandungan dan Manfaat ............................................................................. 136
C. Teknik Pengolahan ......................................................................................... 140
D. Tahapan Pengolahan dan Contohnya ........................................................ 145
1. Bangket Bekatul dan Jus Pepaya-Nanas Bekatul ......................................... 145
Kelas VIII SMP/MTs Semester 2
2. Tempe Gembus ................................................................................................ 146
3. Sambal Glandir Asam ..................................................................................... 150
E. Pengemasan ................................................................................................ 154
F. Refleksi ........................................................................................................... 157
G. Rangkuman .................................................................................................. 157
Glosarium ................................................................................................................ 159
Daftar Pustaka ........................................................................................................ 164
Profil Penulis ........................................................................................................... 167
Profil Penelaah ......................................................................................................... 175
Profil Editor .............................................................................................................. 184
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